Merge pull request #3665 from lonvia/pattern-matching-postcodes

Add full parsing of postcodes in query

settings/country_settings.yaml

@@ -1809,7 +1809,8 @@ us:
     languages: en
     names: !include country-names/us.yaml
     postcode:
-      pattern: "ddddd"
+      pattern: "(ddddd)(?:-dddd)?"
+      output: \1
 
 
 # Uruguay (Uruguay)

src/nominatim_api/search/icu_tokenizer.py

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 Implementation of query analysis for the ICU tokenizer.
 """
 from typing import Tuple, Dict, List, Optional, Iterator, Any, cast
-from collections import defaultdict
 import dataclasses
 import difflib
 import re
@@ -25,7 +24,9 @@ from ..connection import SearchConnection
 from ..logging import log
 from . import query as qmod
 from ..query_preprocessing.config import QueryConfig
+from ..query_preprocessing.base import QueryProcessingFunc
 from .query_analyzer_factory import AbstractQueryAnalyzer
+from .postcode_parser import PostcodeParser
 
 
 DB_TO_TOKEN_TYPE = {
@@ -47,42 +48,6 @@ PENALTY_IN_TOKEN_BREAK = {
 }
 
 
-@dataclasses.dataclass
-class QueryPart:
-    """ Normalized and transliterated form of a single term in the query.
-
-        When the term came out of a split during the transliteration,
-        the normalized string is the full word before transliteration.
-        Check the subsequent break type to figure out if the word is
-        continued.
-
-        Penalty is the break penalty for the break following the token.
-    """
-    token: str
-    normalized: str
-    penalty: float
-
-
-QueryParts = List[QueryPart]
-WordDict = Dict[str, List[qmod.TokenRange]]
-
-
-def extract_words(terms: List[QueryPart], start: int,  words: WordDict) -> None:
-    """ Add all combinations of words in the terms list after the
-        given position to the word list.
-    """
-    total = len(terms)
-    base_penalty = PENALTY_IN_TOKEN_BREAK[qmod.BREAK_WORD]
-    for first in range(start, total):
-        word = terms[first].token
-        penalty = base_penalty
-        words[word].append(qmod.TokenRange(first, first + 1, penalty=penalty))
-        for last in range(first + 1, min(first + 20, total)):
-            word = ' '.join((word, terms[last].token))
-            penalty += terms[last - 1].penalty
-            words[word].append(qmod.TokenRange(first, last + 1, penalty=penalty))
-
-
 @dataclasses.dataclass
 class ICUToken(qmod.Token):
     """ Specialised token for ICU tokenizer.
@@ -148,60 +113,51 @@ class ICUToken(qmod.Token):
                         addr_count=max(1, addr_count))
 
 
-class ICUQueryAnalyzer(AbstractQueryAnalyzer):
-    """ Converter for query strings into a tokenized query
-        using the tokens created by a ICU tokenizer.
-    """
-    def __init__(self, conn: SearchConnection) -> None:
-        self.conn = conn
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class ICUAnalyzerConfig:
+    postcode_parser: PostcodeParser
+    normalizer: Transliterator
+    transliterator: Transliterator
+    preprocessors: List[QueryProcessingFunc]
 
-    async def setup(self) -> None:
-        """ Set up static data structures needed for the analysis.
-        """
-        async def _make_normalizer() -> Any:
-            rules = await self.conn.get_property('tokenizer_import_normalisation')
-            return Transliterator.createFromRules("normalization", rules)
+    @staticmethod
+    async def create(conn: SearchConnection) -> 'ICUAnalyzerConfig':
+        rules = await conn.get_property('tokenizer_import_normalisation')
+        normalizer = Transliterator.createFromRules("normalization", rules)
 
-        self.normalizer = await self.conn.get_cached_value('ICUTOK', 'normalizer',
-                                                           _make_normalizer)
+        rules = await conn.get_property('tokenizer_import_transliteration')
+        transliterator = Transliterator.createFromRules("transliteration", rules)
 
-        async def _make_transliterator() -> Any:
-            rules = await self.conn.get_property('tokenizer_import_transliteration')
-            return Transliterator.createFromRules("transliteration", rules)
-
-        self.transliterator = await self.conn.get_cached_value('ICUTOK', 'transliterator',
-                                                               _make_transliterator)
-
-        await self._setup_preprocessing()
-
-        if 'word' not in self.conn.t.meta.tables:
-            sa.Table('word', self.conn.t.meta,
-                     sa.Column('word_id', sa.Integer),
-                     sa.Column('word_token', sa.Text, nullable=False),
-                     sa.Column('type', sa.Text, nullable=False),
-                     sa.Column('word', sa.Text),
-                     sa.Column('info', Json))
-
-    async def _setup_preprocessing(self) -> None:
-        """ Load the rules for preprocessing and set up the handlers.
-        """
-
-        rules = self.conn.config.load_sub_configuration('icu_tokenizer.yaml',
-                                                        config='TOKENIZER_CONFIG')
-        preprocessing_rules = rules.get('query-preprocessing', [])
-
-        self.preprocessors = []
+        preprocessing_rules = conn.config.load_sub_configuration('icu_tokenizer.yaml',
+                                                                 config='TOKENIZER_CONFIG')\
+                                         .get('query-preprocessing', [])
 
+        preprocessors: List[QueryProcessingFunc] = []
         for func in preprocessing_rules:
             if 'step' not in func:
                 raise UsageError("Preprocessing rule is missing the 'step' attribute.")
             if not isinstance(func['step'], str):
                 raise UsageError("'step' attribute must be a simple string.")
 
-            module = self.conn.config.load_plugin_module(
+            module = conn.config.load_plugin_module(
                         func['step'], 'nominatim_api.query_preprocessing')
-            self.preprocessors.append(
-                module.create(QueryConfig(func).set_normalizer(self.normalizer)))
+            preprocessors.append(
+                module.create(QueryConfig(func).set_normalizer(normalizer)))
+
+        return ICUAnalyzerConfig(PostcodeParser(conn.config),
+                                 normalizer, transliterator, preprocessors)
+
+
+class ICUQueryAnalyzer(AbstractQueryAnalyzer):
+    """ Converter for query strings into a tokenized query
+        using the tokens created by a ICU tokenizer.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, conn: SearchConnection, config: ICUAnalyzerConfig) -> None:
+        self.conn = conn
+        self.postcode_parser = config.postcode_parser
+        self.normalizer = config.normalizer
+        self.transliterator = config.transliterator
+        self.preprocessors = config.preprocessors
 
     async def analyze_query(self, phrases: List[qmod.Phrase]) -> qmod.QueryStruct:
         """ Analyze the given list of phrases and return the
@@ -216,8 +172,9 @@ class ICUQueryAnalyzer(AbstractQueryAnalyzer):
         if not query.source:
             return query
 
-        parts, words = self.split_query(query)
-        log().var_dump('Transliterated query', lambda: _dump_transliterated(query, parts))
+        self.split_query(query)
+        log().var_dump('Transliterated query', lambda: query.get_transliterated_query())
+        words = query.extract_words(base_penalty=PENALTY_IN_TOKEN_BREAK[qmod.BREAK_WORD])
 
         for row in await self.lookup_in_db(list(words.keys())):
             for trange in words[row.word_token]:
@@ -234,8 +191,13 @@ class ICUQueryAnalyzer(AbstractQueryAnalyzer):
                 else:
                     query.add_token(trange, DB_TO_TOKEN_TYPE[row.type], token)
 
-        self.add_extra_tokens(query, parts)
-        self.rerank_tokens(query, parts)
+        self.add_extra_tokens(query)
+        for start, end, pc in self.postcode_parser.parse(query):
+            query.add_token(qmod.TokenRange(start, end),
+                            qmod.TOKEN_POSTCODE,
+                            ICUToken(penalty=0.1, token=0, count=1, addr_count=1,
+                                     lookup_word=pc, word_token=pc, info=None))
+        self.rerank_tokens(query)
 
         log().table_dump('Word tokens', _dump_word_tokens(query))
 
@@ -248,16 +210,9 @@ class ICUQueryAnalyzer(AbstractQueryAnalyzer):
         """
         return cast(str, self.normalizer.transliterate(text)).strip('-: ')
 
-    def split_query(self, query: qmod.QueryStruct) -> Tuple[QueryParts, WordDict]:
+    def split_query(self, query: qmod.QueryStruct) -> None:
         """ Transliterate the phrases and split them into tokens.
-
-            Returns the list of transliterated tokens together with their
-            normalized form and a dictionary of words for lookup together
-            with their position.
         """
-        parts: QueryParts = []
-        phrase_start = 0
-        words: WordDict = defaultdict(list)
         for phrase in query.source:
             query.nodes[-1].ptype = phrase.ptype
             phrase_split = re.split('([ :-])', phrase.text)
@@ -272,38 +227,42 @@ class ICUQueryAnalyzer(AbstractQueryAnalyzer):
                 if trans:
                     for term in trans.split(' '):
                         if term:
-                            parts.append(QueryPart(term, word,
-                                                   PENALTY_IN_TOKEN_BREAK[qmod.BREAK_TOKEN]))
-                            query.add_node(qmod.BREAK_TOKEN, phrase.ptype)
-                    query.nodes[-1].btype = breakchar
-                    parts[-1].penalty = PENALTY_IN_TOKEN_BREAK[breakchar]
+                            query.add_node(qmod.BREAK_TOKEN, phrase.ptype,
+                                           PENALTY_IN_TOKEN_BREAK[qmod.BREAK_TOKEN],
+                                           term, word)
+                    query.nodes[-1].adjust_break(breakchar,
+                                                 PENALTY_IN_TOKEN_BREAK[breakchar])
 
-            extract_words(parts, phrase_start, words)
-
-            phrase_start = len(parts)
-        query.nodes[-1].btype = qmod.BREAK_END
-
-        return parts, words
+        query.nodes[-1].adjust_break(qmod.BREAK_END, PENALTY_IN_TOKEN_BREAK[qmod.BREAK_END])
 
     async def lookup_in_db(self, words: List[str]) -> 'sa.Result[Any]':
         """ Return the token information from the database for the
             given word tokens.
+
+            This function excludes postcode tokens
         """
         t = self.conn.t.meta.tables['word']
-        return await self.conn.execute(t.select().where(t.c.word_token.in_(words)))
+        return await self.conn.execute(t.select()
+                                        .where(t.c.word_token.in_(words))
+                                        .where(t.c.type != 'P'))
 
-    def add_extra_tokens(self, query: qmod.QueryStruct, parts: QueryParts) -> None:
+    def add_extra_tokens(self, query: qmod.QueryStruct) -> None:
         """ Add tokens to query that are not saved in the database.
         """
-        for part, node, i in zip(parts, query.nodes, range(1000)):
-            if len(part.token) <= 4 and part.token.isdigit()\
-               and not node.has_tokens(i+1, qmod.TOKEN_HOUSENUMBER):
-                query.add_token(qmod.TokenRange(i, i+1), qmod.TOKEN_HOUSENUMBER,
+        need_hnr = False
+        for i, node in enumerate(query.nodes):
+            is_full_token = node.btype not in (qmod.BREAK_TOKEN, qmod.BREAK_PART)
+            if need_hnr and is_full_token \
+                    and len(node.term_normalized) <= 4 and node.term_normalized.isdigit():
+                query.add_token(qmod.TokenRange(i-1, i), qmod.TOKEN_HOUSENUMBER,
                                 ICUToken(penalty=0.5, token=0,
-                                         count=1, addr_count=1, lookup_word=part.token,
-                                         word_token=part.token, info=None))
+                                         count=1, addr_count=1,
+                                         lookup_word=node.term_lookup,
+                                         word_token=node.term_lookup, info=None))
 
-    def rerank_tokens(self, query: qmod.QueryStruct, parts: QueryParts) -> None:
+            need_hnr = is_full_token and not node.has_tokens(i+1, qmod.TOKEN_HOUSENUMBER)
+
+    def rerank_tokens(self, query: qmod.QueryStruct) -> None:
         """ Add penalties to tokens that depend on presence of other token.
         """
         for i, node, tlist in query.iter_token_lists():
@@ -320,28 +279,22 @@ class ICUQueryAnalyzer(AbstractQueryAnalyzer):
                         if repl.end == tlist.end and repl.ttype != qmod.TOKEN_HOUSENUMBER:
                             repl.add_penalty(0.5 - tlist.tokens[0].penalty)
             elif tlist.ttype not in (qmod.TOKEN_COUNTRY, qmod.TOKEN_PARTIAL):
-                norm = parts[i].normalized
-                for j in range(i + 1, tlist.end):
-                    if node.btype != qmod.BREAK_TOKEN:
-                        norm += '  ' + parts[j].normalized
+                norm = ' '.join(n.term_normalized for n in query.nodes[i + 1:tlist.end + 1]
+                                if n.btype != qmod.BREAK_TOKEN)
+                if not norm:
+                    # Can happen when the token only covers a partial term
+                    norm = query.nodes[i + 1].term_normalized
                 for token in tlist.tokens:
                     cast(ICUToken, token).rematch(norm)
 
 
-def _dump_transliterated(query: qmod.QueryStruct, parts: QueryParts) -> str:
-    out = query.nodes[0].btype
-    for node, part in zip(query.nodes[1:], parts):
-        out += part.token + node.btype
-    return out
-
-
 def _dump_word_tokens(query: qmod.QueryStruct) -> Iterator[List[Any]]:
-    yield ['type', 'token', 'word_token', 'lookup_word', 'penalty', 'count', 'info']
-    for node in query.nodes:
+    yield ['type', 'from', 'to', 'token', 'word_token', 'lookup_word', 'penalty', 'count', 'info']
+    for i, node in enumerate(query.nodes):
         for tlist in node.starting:
             for token in tlist.tokens:
                 t = cast(ICUToken, token)
-                yield [tlist.ttype, t.token, t.word_token or '',
+                yield [tlist.ttype, str(i), str(tlist.end), t.token, t.word_token or '',
                        t.lookup_word or '', t.penalty, t.count, t.info]
 
 
@@ -349,7 +302,17 @@ async def create_query_analyzer(conn: SearchConnection) -> AbstractQueryAnalyzer
     """ Create and set up a new query analyzer for a database based
         on the ICU tokenizer.
     """
-    out = ICUQueryAnalyzer(conn)
-    await out.setup()
+    async def _get_config() -> ICUAnalyzerConfig:
+        if 'word' not in conn.t.meta.tables:
+            sa.Table('word', conn.t.meta,
+                     sa.Column('word_id', sa.Integer),
+                     sa.Column('word_token', sa.Text, nullable=False),
+                     sa.Column('type', sa.Text, nullable=False),
+                     sa.Column('word', sa.Text),
+                     sa.Column('info', Json))
 
-    return out
+        return await ICUAnalyzerConfig.create(conn)
+
+    config = await conn.get_cached_value('ICUTOK', 'config', _get_config)
+
+    return ICUQueryAnalyzer(conn, config)

src/nominatim_api/search/postcode_parser.py

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+#
+# This file is part of Nominatim. (https://nominatim.org)
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2025 by the Nominatim developer community.
+# For a full list of authors see the git log.
+"""
+Handling of arbitrary postcode tokens in tokenized query string.
+"""
+from typing import Tuple, Set, Dict, List
+import re
+from collections import defaultdict
+
+import yaml
+
+from ..config import Configuration
+from . import query as qmod
+
+
+class PostcodeParser:
+    """ Pattern-based parser for postcodes in tokenized queries.
+
+        The postcode patterns are read from the country configuration.
+        The parser does currently not return country restrictions.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, config: Configuration) -> None:
+        # skip over includes here to avoid loading the complete country name data
+        yaml.add_constructor('!include', lambda loader, node: [],
+                             Loader=yaml.SafeLoader)
+        cdata = yaml.safe_load(config.find_config_file('country_settings.yaml')
+                                     .read_text(encoding='utf-8'))
+
+        unique_patterns: Dict[str, Dict[str, List[str]]] = {}
+        for cc, data in cdata.items():
+            if data.get('postcode'):
+                pat = data['postcode']['pattern'].replace('d', '[0-9]').replace('l', '[a-z]')
+                out = data['postcode'].get('output')
+                if pat not in unique_patterns:
+                    unique_patterns[pat] = defaultdict(list)
+                unique_patterns[pat][out].append(cc)
+
+        self.global_pattern = re.compile(
+                '(?:(?P<cc>[a-z][a-z])(?P<space>[ -]?))?(?P<pc>(?:(?:'
+                + ')|(?:'.join(unique_patterns) + '))[:, >].*)')
+
+        self.local_patterns = [(re.compile(f"{pat}[:, >]"), list(info.items()))
+                               for pat, info in unique_patterns.items()]
+
+    def parse(self, query: qmod.QueryStruct) -> Set[Tuple[int, int, str]]:
+        """ Parse postcodes in the given list of query tokens taking into
+            account the list of breaks from the nodes.
+
+            The result is a sequence of tuples with
+            [start node id, end node id, postcode token]
+        """
+        nodes = query.nodes
+        outcodes: Set[Tuple[int, int, str]] = set()
+
+        for i in range(query.num_token_slots()):
+            if nodes[i].btype in '<,: ' and nodes[i + 1].btype != '`' \
+                    and (i == 0 or nodes[i - 1].ptype != qmod.PHRASE_POSTCODE):
+                if nodes[i].ptype == qmod.PHRASE_ANY:
+                    word = nodes[i + 1].term_normalized + nodes[i + 1].btype
+                    if word[-1] in ' -' and nodes[i + 2].btype != '`' \
+                            and nodes[i + 1].ptype == qmod.PHRASE_ANY:
+                        word += nodes[i + 2].term_normalized + nodes[i + 2].btype
+                        if word[-1] in ' -' and nodes[i + 3].btype != '`' \
+                                and nodes[i + 2].ptype == qmod.PHRASE_ANY:
+                            word += nodes[i + 3].term_normalized + nodes[i + 3].btype
+
+                    self._match_word(word, i, False, outcodes)
+                elif nodes[i].ptype == qmod.PHRASE_POSTCODE:
+                    word = nodes[i + 1].term_normalized + nodes[i + 1].btype
+                    for j in range(i + 1, query.num_token_slots()):
+                        if nodes[j].ptype != qmod.PHRASE_POSTCODE:
+                            break
+                        word += nodes[j + 1].term_normalized + nodes[j + 1].btype
+
+                    self._match_word(word, i, True, outcodes)
+
+        return outcodes
+
+    def _match_word(self, word: str, pos: int, fullmatch: bool,
+                    outcodes: Set[Tuple[int, int, str]]) -> None:
+        # Use global pattern to check for presence of any postcode.
+        m = self.global_pattern.fullmatch(word)
+        if m:
+            # If there was a match, check against each pattern separately
+            # because multiple patterns might be machting at the end.
+            cc = m.group('cc')
+            pc_word = m.group('pc')
+            cc_spaces = len(m.group('space') or '')
+            for pattern, info in self.local_patterns:
+                lm = pattern.fullmatch(pc_word) if fullmatch else pattern.match(pc_word)
+                if lm:
+                    trange = (pos, pos + cc_spaces + sum(c in ' ,-:>' for c in lm.group(0)))
+                    for out, out_ccs in info:
+                        if cc is None or cc in out_ccs:
+                            if out:
+                                outcodes.add((*trange, lm.expand(out).upper()))
+                            else:
+                                outcodes.add((*trange, lm.group(0)[:-1].upper()))

src/nominatim_api/search/query.py

@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@
 """
 Datastructures for a tokenized query.
 """
-from typing import List, Tuple, Optional, Iterator
+from typing import Dict, List, Tuple, Optional, Iterator
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from collections import defaultdict
 import dataclasses
 
 
@@ -171,11 +172,33 @@ class TokenList:
 @dataclasses.dataclass
 class QueryNode:
     """ A node of the query representing a break between terms.
+
+        The node also contains information on the source term
+        ending at the node. The tokens are created from this information.
     """
     btype: BreakType
     ptype: PhraseType
+
+    penalty: float
+    """ Penalty for the break at this node.
+    """
+    term_lookup: str
+    """ Transliterated term following this node.
+    """
+    term_normalized: str
+    """ Normalised form of term following this node.
+        When the token resulted from a split during transliteration,
+        then this string contains the complete source term.
+    """
+
     starting: List[TokenList] = dataclasses.field(default_factory=list)
 
+    def adjust_break(self, btype: BreakType, penalty: float) -> None:
+        """ Change the break type and penalty for this node.
+        """
+        self.btype = btype
+        self.penalty = penalty
+
     def has_tokens(self, end: int, *ttypes: TokenType) -> bool:
         """ Check if there are tokens of the given types ending at the
             given node.
@@ -218,19 +241,22 @@ class QueryStruct:
     def __init__(self, source: List[Phrase]) -> None:
         self.source = source
         self.nodes: List[QueryNode] = \
-            [QueryNode(BREAK_START, source[0].ptype if source else PHRASE_ANY)]
+            [QueryNode(BREAK_START, source[0].ptype if source else PHRASE_ANY,
+                       0.0, '', '')]
 
     def num_token_slots(self) -> int:
         """ Return the length of the query in vertice steps.
         """
         return len(self.nodes) - 1
 
-    def add_node(self, btype: BreakType, ptype: PhraseType) -> None:
+    def add_node(self, btype: BreakType, ptype: PhraseType,
+                 break_penalty: float = 0.0,
+                 term_lookup: str = '', term_normalized: str = '') -> None:
         """ Append a new break node with the given break type.
             The phrase type denotes the type for any tokens starting
             at the node.
         """
-        self.nodes.append(QueryNode(btype, ptype))
+        self.nodes.append(QueryNode(btype, ptype, break_penalty, term_lookup, term_normalized))
 
     def add_token(self, trange: TokenRange, ttype: TokenType, token: Token) -> None:
         """ Add a token to the query. 'start' and 'end' are the indexes of the
@@ -287,3 +313,42 @@ class QueryStruct:
                     if t.token == token:
                         return f"[{tlist.ttype}]{t.lookup_word}"
         return 'None'
+
+    def get_transliterated_query(self) -> str:
+        """ Return a string representation of the transliterated query
+            with the character representation of the different break types.
+
+            For debugging purposes only.
+        """
+        return ''.join(''.join((n.term_lookup, n.btype)) for n in self.nodes)
+
+    def extract_words(self, base_penalty: float = 0.0,
+                      start: int = 0,
+                      endpos: Optional[int] = None) -> Dict[str, List[TokenRange]]:
+        """ Add all combinations of words that can be formed from the terms
+            between the given start and endnode. The terms are joined with
+            spaces for each break. Words can never go across a BREAK_PHRASE.
+
+            The functions returns a dictionary of possible words with their
+            position within the query and a penalty. The penalty is computed
+            from the base_penalty plus the penalty for each node the word
+            crosses.
+        """
+        if endpos is None:
+            endpos = len(self.nodes)
+
+        words: Dict[str, List[TokenRange]] = defaultdict(list)
+
+        for first in range(start, endpos - 1):
+            word = self.nodes[first + 1].term_lookup
+            penalty = base_penalty
+            words[word].append(TokenRange(first, first + 1, penalty=penalty))
+            if self.nodes[first + 1].btype != BREAK_PHRASE:
+                for last in range(first + 2, min(first + 20, endpos)):
+                    word = ' '.join((word, self.nodes[last].term_lookup))
+                    penalty += self.nodes[last - 1].penalty
+                    words[word].append(TokenRange(first, last, penalty=penalty))
+                    if self.nodes[last].btype == BREAK_PHRASE:
+                        break
+
+        return words

src/nominatim_db/tokenizer/icu_tokenizer.py

@@ -381,76 +381,15 @@ class ICUNameAnalyzer(AbstractAnalyzer):
         return postcode.strip().upper()
 
     def update_postcodes_from_db(self) -> None:
-        """ Update postcode tokens in the word table from the location_postcode
-            table.
+        """ Postcode update.
+
+            Removes all postcodes from the word table because they are not
+            needed. Postcodes are recognised by pattern.
         """
         assert self.conn is not None
-        analyzer = self.token_analysis.analysis.get('@postcode')
 
         with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
-            # First get all postcode names currently in the word table.
-            cur.execute("SELECT DISTINCT word FROM word WHERE type = 'P'")
-            word_entries = set((entry[0] for entry in cur))
-
-            # Then compute the required postcode names from the postcode table.
-            needed_entries = set()
-            cur.execute("SELECT country_code, postcode FROM location_postcode")
-            for cc, postcode in cur:
-                info = PlaceInfo({'country_code': cc,
-                                  'class': 'place', 'type': 'postcode',
-                                  'address': {'postcode': postcode}})
-                address = self.sanitizer.process_names(info)[1]
-                for place in address:
-                    if place.kind == 'postcode':
-                        if analyzer is None:
-                            postcode_name = place.name.strip().upper()
-                            variant_base = None
-                        else:
-                            postcode_name = analyzer.get_canonical_id(place)
-                            variant_base = place.get_attr("variant")
-
-                        if variant_base:
-                            needed_entries.add(f'{postcode_name}@{variant_base}')
-                        else:
-                            needed_entries.add(postcode_name)
-                        break
-
-        # Now update the word table.
-        self._delete_unused_postcode_words(word_entries - needed_entries)
-        self._add_missing_postcode_words(needed_entries - word_entries)
-
-    def _delete_unused_postcode_words(self, tokens: Iterable[str]) -> None:
-        assert self.conn is not None
-        if tokens:
-            with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
-                cur.execute("DELETE FROM word WHERE type = 'P' and word = any(%s)",
-                            (list(tokens), ))
-
-    def _add_missing_postcode_words(self, tokens: Iterable[str]) -> None:
-        assert self.conn is not None
-        if not tokens:
-            return
-
-        analyzer = self.token_analysis.analysis.get('@postcode')
-        terms = []
-
-        for postcode_name in tokens:
-            if '@' in postcode_name:
-                term, variant = postcode_name.split('@', 2)
-                term = self._search_normalized(term)
-                if analyzer is None:
-                    variants = [term]
-                else:
-                    variants = analyzer.compute_variants(variant)
-                    if term not in variants:
-                        variants.append(term)
-            else:
-                variants = [self._search_normalized(postcode_name)]
-            terms.append((postcode_name, variants))
-
-        if terms:
-            with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
-                cur.executemany("""SELECT create_postcode_word(%s, %s)""", terms)
+            cur.execute("DELETE FROM word WHERE type = 'P'")
 
     def update_special_phrases(self, phrases: Iterable[Tuple[str, str, str, str]],
                                should_replace: bool) -> None:
@@ -718,32 +657,9 @@ class ICUNameAnalyzer(AbstractAnalyzer):
         analyzer = self.token_analysis.analysis.get('@postcode')
 
         if analyzer is None:
-            postcode_name = item.name.strip().upper()
-            variant_base = None
+            return item.name.strip().upper()
         else:
-            postcode_name = analyzer.get_canonical_id(item)
-            variant_base = item.get_attr("variant")
-
-        if variant_base:
-            postcode = f'{postcode_name}@{variant_base}'
-        else:
-            postcode = postcode_name
-
-        if postcode not in self._cache.postcodes:
-            term = self._search_normalized(postcode_name)
-            if not term:
-                return None
-
-            variants = {term}
-            if analyzer is not None and variant_base:
-                variants.update(analyzer.compute_variants(variant_base))
-
-            with self.conn.cursor() as cur:
-                cur.execute("SELECT create_postcode_word(%s, %s)",
-                            (postcode, list(variants)))
-            self._cache.postcodes.add(postcode)
-
-        return postcode_name
+            return analyzer.get_canonical_id(item)
 
 
 class _TokenInfo:
@@ -836,5 +752,4 @@ class _TokenCache:
         self.names: Dict[str, Tuple[int, List[int]]] = {}
         self.partials: Dict[str, int] = {}
         self.fulls: Dict[str, List[int]] = {}
-        self.postcodes: Set[str] = set()
         self.housenumbers: Dict[str, Tuple[Optional[int], Optional[str]]] = {}

test/bdd/api/search/postcode.feature

@@ -3,9 +3,8 @@
 Feature: Searches with postcodes
     Various searches involving postcodes
 
-    @Fail
     Scenario: US 5+4 ZIP codes are shortened to 5 ZIP codes if not found
-        When sending json search query "36067 1111, us" with address
+        When sending json search query "36067-1111, us" with address
         Then result addresses contain
             | postcode |
             | 36067    |

test/bdd/db/import/postcodes.feature

@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ Feature: Import of postcodes
             | object | postcode |
             | W93    | 11200    |
 
-    Scenario: Postcodes are added to the postcode and word table
+    Scenario: Postcodes are added to the postcode
         Given the places
            | osm | class | type  | addr+postcode | addr+housenumber | geometry |
            | N34 | place | house | 01982         | 111              |country:de |
@@ -178,7 +178,6 @@ Feature: Import of postcodes
         Then location_postcode contains exactly
            | country | postcode | geometry |
            | de      | 01982    | country:de |
-        And there are word tokens for postcodes 01982
 
 
     @Fail
@@ -195,7 +194,7 @@ Feature: Import of postcodes
          | E45 2    | gb      | 23          | 5 |
          | Y45      | gb      | 21          | 5 |
 
-    Scenario: Postcodes outside all countries are not added to the postcode and word table
+    Scenario: Postcodes outside all countries are not added to the postcode table
         Given the places
             | osm | class | type  | addr+postcode | addr+housenumber | addr+place  | geometry  |
             | N34 | place | house | 01982         | 111              | Null Island | 0 0.00001 |
@@ -205,7 +204,6 @@ Feature: Import of postcodes
         When importing
         Then location_postcode contains exactly
             | country | postcode | geometry |
-        And there are no word tokens for postcodes 01982
         When sending search query "111, 01982 Null Island"
         Then results contain
             | osm | display_name |

test/bdd/db/update/postcode.feature

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Feature: Update of postcode
     Tests for updating of data related to postcodes
 
-    Scenario: A new postcode appears in the postcode and word table
+    Scenario: A new postcode appears in the postcode table
         Given the places
            | osm | class | type  | addr+postcode | addr+housenumber | geometry |
            | N34 | place | house | 01982         | 111              |country:de |
@@ -18,9 +18,8 @@ Feature: Update of postcode
            | country | postcode | geometry |
            | de      | 01982    | country:de |
            | ch      | 4567     | country:ch |
-        And there are word tokens for postcodes 01982,4567
 
-     Scenario: When the last postcode is deleted, it is deleted from postcode and word
+     Scenario: When the last postcode is deleted, it is deleted from postcode
         Given the places
            | osm | class | type  | addr+postcode | addr+housenumber | geometry |
            | N34 | place | house | 01982         | 111              |country:de |
@@ -31,10 +30,8 @@ Feature: Update of postcode
         Then location_postcode contains exactly
            | country | postcode | geometry |
            | ch      | 4567     | country:ch |
-        And there are word tokens for postcodes 4567
-        And there are no word tokens for postcodes 01982
 
-     Scenario: A postcode is not deleted from postcode and word when it exist in another country
+     Scenario: A postcode is not deleted from postcode when it exist in another country
         Given the places
            | osm | class | type  | addr+postcode | addr+housenumber | geometry |
            | N34 | place | house | 01982         | 111              |country:de |
@@ -45,7 +42,6 @@ Feature: Update of postcode
         Then location_postcode contains exactly
            | country | postcode | geometry |
            | fr      | 01982    | country:fr |
-        And there are word tokens for postcodes 01982
 
      Scenario: Updating a postcode is reflected in postcode table
         Given the places
@@ -59,7 +55,6 @@ Feature: Update of postcode
         Then location_postcode contains exactly
            | country | postcode | geometry |
            | de      | 20453    | country:de |
-        And there are word tokens for postcodes 20453
 
      Scenario: When changing from a postcode type, the entry appears in placex
         When importing
@@ -80,7 +75,6 @@ Feature: Update of postcode
         Then location_postcode contains exactly
            | country | postcode | geometry |
            | de      | 20453    | country:de |
-        And there are word tokens for postcodes 20453
 
      Scenario: When changing to a postcode type, the entry disappears from placex
         When importing
@@ -101,7 +95,6 @@ Feature: Update of postcode
         Then location_postcode contains exactly
            | country | postcode | geometry |
            | de      | 01982    | country:de |
-        And there are word tokens for postcodes 01982
 
     Scenario: When a parent is deleted, the postcode gets a new parent
         Given the grid with origin DE

test/python/api/search/test_api_search_query.py

@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ def mktoken(tid: int):
     return MyToken(penalty=3.0, token=tid, count=1, addr_count=1,
                    lookup_word='foo')
 
+@pytest.fixture
+def qnode():
+    return query.QueryNode(query.BREAK_PHRASE, query.PHRASE_ANY, 0.0 ,'', '')
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('ptype,ttype', [(query.PHRASE_ANY, 'W'),
                                          (query.PHRASE_AMENITY, 'Q'),
@@ -37,27 +40,24 @@ def test_phrase_incompatible(ptype):
     assert not query._phrase_compatible_with(ptype, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL, True)
 
 
-def test_query_node_empty():
-    qn = query.QueryNode(query.BREAK_PHRASE, query.PHRASE_ANY)
-
-    assert not qn.has_tokens(3, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL)
-    assert qn.get_tokens(3, query.TOKEN_WORD) is None
+def test_query_node_empty(qnode):
+    assert not qnode.has_tokens(3, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL)
+    assert qnode.get_tokens(3, query.TOKEN_WORD) is None
 
 
-def test_query_node_with_content():
-    qn = query.QueryNode(query.BREAK_PHRASE, query.PHRASE_ANY)
-    qn.starting.append(query.TokenList(2, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL, [mktoken(100), mktoken(101)]))
-    qn.starting.append(query.TokenList(2, query.TOKEN_WORD, [mktoken(1000)]))
+def test_query_node_with_content(qnode):
+    qnode.starting.append(query.TokenList(2, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL, [mktoken(100), mktoken(101)]))
+    qnode.starting.append(query.TokenList(2, query.TOKEN_WORD, [mktoken(1000)]))
 
-    assert not qn.has_tokens(3, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL)
-    assert not qn.has_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_COUNTRY)
-    assert qn.has_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL)
-    assert qn.has_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_WORD)
+    assert not qnode.has_tokens(3, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL)
+    assert not qnode.has_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_COUNTRY)
+    assert qnode.has_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL)
+    assert qnode.has_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_WORD)
 
-    assert qn.get_tokens(3, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL) is None
-    assert qn.get_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_COUNTRY) is None
-    assert len(qn.get_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL)) == 2
-    assert len(qn.get_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_WORD)) == 1
+    assert qnode.get_tokens(3, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL) is None
+    assert qnode.get_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_COUNTRY) is None
+    assert len(qnode.get_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_PARTIAL)) == 2
+    assert len(qnode.get_tokens(2, query.TOKEN_WORD)) == 1
 
 
 def test_query_struct_empty():

test/python/api/search/test_icu_query_analyzer.py

@@ -102,12 +102,11 @@ async def test_splitting_in_transliteration(conn):
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('term,order', [('23456', ['P', 'H', 'W', 'w']),
-                                        ('3', ['H', 'P', 'W', 'w'])
+                                        ('3', ['H', 'W', 'w'])
                                        ])
 async def test_penalty_postcodes_and_housenumbers(conn, term, order):
     ana = await tok.create_query_analyzer(conn)
 
-    await add_word(conn, 1, term, 'P', None)
     await add_word(conn, 2, term, 'H', term)
     await add_word(conn, 3, term, 'w', term)
     await add_word(conn, 4, term, 'W', term)
@@ -179,8 +178,10 @@ async def test_add_unknown_housenumbers(conn):
     assert query.nodes[1].starting[0].ttype == qmod.TOKEN_HOUSENUMBER
     assert len(query.nodes[1].starting[0].tokens) == 1
     assert query.nodes[1].starting[0].tokens[0].token == 1
-    assert not query.nodes[2].starting
-    assert not query.nodes[3].starting
+    assert query.nodes[2].has_tokens(3, qmod.TOKEN_POSTCODE)
+    assert not query.nodes[2].has_tokens(3, qmod.TOKEN_HOUSENUMBER)
+    assert not query.nodes[2].has_tokens(4, qmod.TOKEN_HOUSENUMBER)
+    assert not query.nodes[3].has_tokens(4, qmod.TOKEN_HOUSENUMBER)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio

test/python/api/search/test_postcode_parser.py

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+#
+# This file is part of Nominatim. (https://nominatim.org)
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2025 by the Nominatim developer community.
+# For a full list of authors see the git log.
+"""
+Test for parsing of postcodes in queries.
+"""
+import re
+from itertools import zip_longest
+
+import pytest
+
+from nominatim_api.search.postcode_parser import PostcodeParser
+from nominatim_api.search.query import QueryStruct, PHRASE_ANY, PHRASE_POSTCODE, PHRASE_STREET
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def pc_config(project_env):
+    country_file = project_env.project_dir / 'country_settings.yaml'
+    country_file.write_text(r"""
+ab:
+  postcode:
+    pattern: "ddddd ll"
+ba:
+  postcode:
+    pattern: "ddddd"
+de:
+  postcode:
+    pattern: "ddddd"
+gr:
+  postcode:
+    pattern: "(ddd) ?(dd)"
+    output: \1 \2
+in:
+  postcode:
+    pattern: "(ddd) ?(ddd)"
+    output: \1\2
+mc:
+  postcode:
+    pattern: "980dd"
+mz:
+  postcode:
+    pattern: "(dddd)(?:-dd)?"
+bn:
+  postcode:
+    pattern: "(ll) ?(dddd)"
+    output: \1\2
+ky:
+  postcode:
+    pattern: "(d)-(dddd)"
+    output: KY\1-\2
+    """)
+
+    return project_env
+
+def mk_query(inp):
+    query = QueryStruct([])
+    phrase_split = re.split(r"([ ,:'-])", inp)
+
+    for word, breakchar in zip_longest(*[iter(phrase_split)]*2, fillvalue='>'):
+        query.add_node(breakchar, PHRASE_ANY, 0.1, word, word)
+
+    return query
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('query,pos', [('45325 Berlin', 0),
+                                       ('45325:Berlin', 0),
+                                       ('45325,Berlin', 0),
+                                       ('Berlin 45325', 1),
+                                       ('Berlin,45325', 1),
+                                       ('Berlin:45325', 1),
+                                       ('Hansastr,45325 Berlin', 1),
+                                       ('Hansastr 45325 Berlin', 1)])
+def test_simple_postcode(pc_config, query, pos):
+    parser = PostcodeParser(pc_config)
+
+    result = parser.parse(mk_query(query))
+
+    assert result == {(pos, pos + 1, '45325'), (pos, pos + 1, '453 25')}
+
+def test_contained_postcode(pc_config):
+    parser = PostcodeParser(pc_config)
+
+    assert parser.parse(mk_query('12345 dx')) == {(0, 1, '12345'), (0, 1, '123 45'),
+                                                  (0, 2, '12345 DX')}
+
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('query,frm,to', [('345987', 0, 1), ('345 987', 0, 2),
+                                          ('Aina 345 987', 1, 3),
+                                          ('Aina 23 345 987 ff', 2, 4)])
+def test_postcode_with_space(pc_config, query, frm, to):
+    parser = PostcodeParser(pc_config)
+
+    result = parser.parse(mk_query(query))
+
+    assert result == {(frm, to, '345987')}
+
+def test_overlapping_postcode(pc_config):
+    parser = PostcodeParser(pc_config)
+
+    assert parser.parse(mk_query('123 456 78')) == {(0, 2, '123456'), (1, 3, '456 78')}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('query', ['45325-Berlin', "45325'Berlin",
+                                   'Berlin-45325', "Berlin'45325", '45325Berlin'
+                                   '345-987', "345'987", '345,987', '345:987'])
+def test_not_a_postcode(pc_config, query):
+    parser = PostcodeParser(pc_config)
+
+    assert not parser.parse(mk_query(query))
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('query', ['ba 12233', 'ba-12233'])
+def test_postcode_with_country_prefix(pc_config, query):
+    parser = PostcodeParser(pc_config)
+
+    assert (0, 2, '12233') in parser.parse(mk_query(query))
+
+
+def test_postcode_with_joined_country_prefix(pc_config):
+    parser = PostcodeParser(pc_config)
+
+    assert parser.parse(mk_query('ba12233')) == {(0, 1, '12233')}
+
+
+def test_postcode_with_non_matching_country_prefix(pc_config):
+    parser = PostcodeParser(pc_config)
+
+    assert not parser.parse(mk_query('ky12233'))
+
+def test_postcode_inside_postcode_phrase(pc_config):
+    parser = PostcodeParser(pc_config)
+
+    query = QueryStruct([])
+    query.nodes[-1].ptype = PHRASE_STREET
+    query.add_node(',', PHRASE_STREET, 0.1, '12345', '12345')
+    query.add_node(',', PHRASE_POSTCODE, 0.1, 'xz', 'xz')
+    query.add_node('>', PHRASE_POSTCODE, 0.1, '4444', '4444')
+
+    assert parser.parse(query) == {(2, 3, '4444')}
+
+
+def test_partial_postcode_in_postcode_phrase(pc_config):
+    parser = PostcodeParser(pc_config)
+
+    query = QueryStruct([])
+    query.nodes[-1].ptype = PHRASE_POSTCODE
+    query.add_node(' ', PHRASE_POSTCODE, 0.1, '2224', '2224')
+    query.add_node('>', PHRASE_POSTCODE, 0.1, '12345', '12345')
+
+    assert not parser.parse(query)

test/python/api/search/test_query.py

@@ -46,3 +46,20 @@ def test_token_range_unimplemented_ops():
         nq.TokenRange(1, 3) <= nq.TokenRange(10, 12)
     with pytest.raises(TypeError):
         nq.TokenRange(1, 3) >= nq.TokenRange(10, 12)
+
+
+def test_query_extract_words():
+    q = nq.QueryStruct([])
+    q.add_node(nq.BREAK_WORD, nq.PHRASE_ANY, 0.1, '12', '')
+    q.add_node(nq.BREAK_TOKEN, nq.PHRASE_ANY, 0.0, 'ab', '')
+    q.add_node(nq.BREAK_PHRASE, nq.PHRASE_ANY, 0.0, '12', '')
+    q.add_node(nq.BREAK_END, nq.PHRASE_ANY, 0.5, 'hallo', '')
+
+    words = q.extract_words(base_penalty=1.0)
+
+    assert set(words.keys()) \
+             == {'12', 'ab', 'hallo', '12 ab', 'ab 12', '12 ab 12'}
+    assert sorted(words['12']) == [nq.TokenRange(0, 1, 1.0), nq.TokenRange(2, 3, 1.0)]
+    assert words['12 ab'] == [nq.TokenRange(0, 2, 1.1)]
+    assert words['hallo'] == [nq.TokenRange(3, 4, 1.0)]
+

test/python/tokenizer/test_icu.py

@@ -265,37 +265,13 @@ class TestPostcodes:
                                                       'address': {'postcode': postcode}}))
 
 
-    def test_update_postcodes_from_db_empty(self, table_factory, word_table):
-        table_factory('location_postcode', 'country_code TEXT, postcode TEXT',
-                      content=(('de', '12345'), ('se', '132 34'),
-                               ('bm', 'AB23'), ('fr', '12345')))
-
-        self.analyzer.update_postcodes_from_db()
-
-        assert word_table.count() == 5
-        assert word_table.get_postcodes() == {'12345', '132 34@132 34', 'AB 23@AB 23'}
-
-
-    def test_update_postcodes_from_db_ambigious(self, table_factory, word_table):
-        table_factory('location_postcode', 'country_code TEXT, postcode TEXT',
-                      content=(('in', '123456'), ('sg', '123456')))
-
-        self.analyzer.update_postcodes_from_db()
-
-        assert word_table.count() == 3
-        assert word_table.get_postcodes() == {'123456', '123456@123 456'}
-
-
-    def test_update_postcodes_from_db_add_and_remove(self, table_factory, word_table):
-        table_factory('location_postcode', 'country_code TEXT, postcode TEXT',
-                      content=(('ch', '1234'), ('bm', 'BC 45'), ('bm', 'XX45')))
+    def test_update_postcodes_deleted(self, word_table):
         word_table.add_postcode(' 1234', '1234')
         word_table.add_postcode(' 5678', '5678')
 
         self.analyzer.update_postcodes_from_db()
 
-        assert word_table.count() == 5
-        assert word_table.get_postcodes() == {'1234', 'BC 45@BC 45', 'XX 45@XX 45'}
+        assert word_table.count() == 0
 
 
     def test_process_place_postcode_simple(self, word_table):
@@ -303,16 +279,12 @@ class TestPostcodes:
 
         assert info['postcode'] == '12345'
 
-        assert word_table.get_postcodes() == {'12345', }
-
 
     def test_process_place_postcode_with_space(self, word_table):
         info = self.process_postcode('in', '123 567')
 
         assert info['postcode'] == '123567'
 
-        assert word_table.get_postcodes() == {'123567@123 567', }
-
 
 
 def test_update_special_phrase_empty_table(analyzer, word_table):
@@ -477,9 +449,9 @@ class TestPlaceAddress:
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('pcode', ['12345', 'AB 123', '34-345'])
     def test_process_place_postcode(self, word_table, pcode):
-        self.process_address(postcode=pcode)
+        info = self.process_address(postcode=pcode)
 
-        assert word_table.get_postcodes() == {pcode, }
+        assert info['postcode'] == pcode
 
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('hnr', ['123a', '1', '101'])